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Ai, X.E., L.M. Thöle, A. Auderset, M. Schmitt, S. Moretti, A.S. Studer, E. Michel, et al. 2024. “The Southward Migration of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current Enhanced Oceanic Degassing of Carbon Dioxide During the Last Two Deglaciations”. Communications Earth and Environment 5. Nature Publishing Group. doi:10.1038/s43247-024-01216-x.

Altabet, M.A., C. Pilskaln, R. Thunell, C. Pride, D. Sigman, F. Chavez, and R. François. 1999. “The Nitrogen Isotope Biogeochemistry of Sinking Particles from the Margin of the Eastern North Pacific”. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 46: 655-79. doi:10.1016/S0967-0637(98)00084-3.

Altieri, K.E., M.G. Hastings, A.R. Gobel, A.J. Peters, and D.M. Sigman. 2013. “Isotopic Composition of Rainwater Nitrate at Bermuda: The Influence of Air Mass Source and Chemistry in the Marine Boundary Layer”. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres 118. Blackwell Publishing Ltd: 304-11. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50829.

Altieri, K.E., S.E. Fawcett, A.J. Peters, D.M. Sigman, and M.G. Hastings. 2016. “Marine Biogenic Source of Atmospheric Organic Nitrogen in the Subtropical North Atlantic”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 113. National Academy of Sciences: 925-30. doi:10.1073/pnas.1516847113.

Altieri, K.E., M.G. Hastings, A.J. Peters, and D.M. Sigman. 2012. “Molecular Characterization of Water Soluble Organic Nitrogen in Marine Rainwater by Ultra-High Resolution Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry”. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12: 3557-71. doi:10.5194/acp-12-3557-2012.

Altieri, K.E., M.G. Hastings, A.J. Peters, S. Oleynik, and D.M. Sigman. 2014. “Isotopic Evidence for a Marine Ammonium Source in Rainwater at Bermuda”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 28: 1066-80. doi:10.1002/2014GB004809.

Auderset, A., A. Martínez-García, R. Tiedemann, A.P. Hasenfratz, T.I. Eglinton, R. Schiebel, D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2019. “Gulf Stream Intensification After the Early Pliocene Shoaling of the Central American Seaway”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 520. Elsevier B.V.: 268-78. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2019.05.022.

Auderset, A., F. Fripiat, R.C. Creel, L. Oesch, A.S. Studer, J. Repschläger, E. Hathorne, et al. 2024. “Sea Level Modulation of Atlantic Nitrogen Fixation Over Glacial Cycles”. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 39. John Wiley and Sons Inc. doi:10.1029/2024PA004878.

Auderset, A., S. Moretti, B. Taphorn, P.-R. Ebner, E. Kast, X.T. Wang, R. Schiebel, D.M. Sigman, G.H. Haug, and A. Martínez-García. 2022. “Enhanced Ocean Oxygenation During Cenozoic Warm Periods”. Nature 609: 77-82. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05017-0.

Brauer, A., G.H. Haug, P. Dulski, D.M. Sigman, and J.F.W. Negendank. 2008. “An Abrupt Wind Shift in Western Europe at the Onset of the Younger Dryas Cold Period”. Nature Geoscience 1. Nature Publishing Group: 520-23. doi:10.1038/ngeo263.

Brookshire, E.N.J., L.O. Hedin, J.D. Newbold, D.M. Sigman, and J.K. Jackson. 2012. “Sustained Losses of Bioavailable Nitrogen from Montane Tropical Forests”. Nature Geoscience 5: 123-26. doi:10.1038/ngeo1372.

Brunelle, B.G., D.M. Sigman, M.S. Cook, L.D. Keigwin, G.H. Haug, B. Plessen, G. Schettler, and S.L. Jaccard. 2007. “Evidence from Diatom-Bound Nitrogen Isotopes for Subarctic Pacific Stratification During the Last Ice Age and a Link to North Pacific Denitrification Changes”. Paleoceanography 22. doi:10.1029/2005PA001205.

Brunelle, B.G., D.M. Sigman, S.L. Jaccard, L.D. Keigwin, B. Plessen, G. Schettler, M.S. Cook, and G.H. Haug. 2010. “Glacial/Interglacial/Changes/in/Nutrient/Supply/and/Stratification/in/the/Western/Subarctic/North/Pacific/since/the/Penultimate/Glacial/Maximum”. Quaternary Science Reviews 29: 2579-90. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.03.010.

Brzezinski, M.A., C.J. Pride, V.M. Franck, D.M. Sigman, J.L. Sarmiento, K. Matsumoto, N. Gruber, G.H. Rau, and K.H. Coale. 2002. “A Switch from Si(OH)4 to NO-3 Depletion in the Glacial Southern Ocean”. Geophysical Research Letters 29. American Geophysical Union: 5-1. doi:10.1029/2001gl014349.

Burls, N.J., A.V. Fedorov, D.M. Sigman, S.L. Jaccard, R. Tiedemann, and G.H. Haug. 2017. “Active Pacific Meridional Overturning Circulation (PMOC) During the Warm Pliocene”. Science Advances 3. American Association for the Advancement of Science. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700156.

Carrillo, J.H., M.G. Hastings, D.M. Sigman, and B.J. Huebert. 2002. “Atmospheric Deposition of Inorganic and Organic Nitrogen and Base Cations in Hawaii”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 16. American Geophysical Union: 24-1. doi:10.1029/2002gb001892.

Casciotti, K.L., D.M. Sigman, M.G. Hastings, J.K. Böhlke, and A. Hilkert. 2002. “Measurement of the Oxygen Isotopic Composition of Nitrate in Seawater and Freshwater Using the Denitrifier Method”. Analytical Chemistry 74: 4905-12. doi:10.1021/ac020113w.

Casciotti, K.L., D.M. Sigman, and B.B. Ward. 2003. “Linking Diversity and Stable Isotope Fractionation in Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria”. Geomicrobiology Journal 20: 335-53. doi:10.1080/01490450303895.

Choisnard, N., N.N. Duprey, T. Wald, M. Thibault, F. Houlbrèque, A.D. Foreman, P. Cuet, et al. 2024. “Tracing the Fate of Seabird-Derived Nitrogen in a Coral Reef Using Nitrate and Coral Skeleton Nitrogen Isotopes”. Limnology and Oceanography. John Wiley and Sons Inc. doi:10.1002/lno.12485.

Comans, C.M., S.M. Smart, E.R. Kast, Y. Lu, T. Lüdecke, J.N. Leichliter, D.M. Sigman, T. Ikejiri, and A. Martínez-García. 2024. “Enameloid-Bound δ15N Reveals Large Trophic Separation Among Late Cretaceous Sharks in the Northern Gulf of Mexico”. Geobiology 22. John Wiley and Sons Inc. doi:10.1111/gbi.12585.

Costa, K.M., J.F. McManus, R.F. Anderson, H. Ren, D.M. Sigman, G. Winckler, M.Q. Fleisher, F. Marcantonio, and A.C. Ravelo. 2016. “No Iron Fertilization in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean During the Last Ice Age”. Nature 529. Nature Publishing Group: 519-22. doi:10.1038/nature16453.

De Boer, A.M., D.M. Sigman, J.R. Toggweiler, and J.L. Russell. 2007. “Effect of Global Ocean Temperature Change on Deep Ocean Ventilation”. Paleoceanography 22. doi:10.1029/2005PA001242.

De Boer, A.M., J.R. Toggweiler, and D.M. Sigman. 2008. “Atlantic Dominance of the Meridional Overturning Circulation”. Journal of Physical Oceanography 38: 435-50. doi:10.1175/2007JPO3731.1.

De Pol-Holz, R., R.S. Robinson, D. Hebbeln, D.M. Sigman, and O. Ulloa. 2009. “Controls on Sedimentary Nitrogen Isotopes Along the Chile Margin”. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56. Elsevier Ltd: 1042-54. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.09.014.

Deplazes, G., A. Lückge, L.C. Peterson, A. Timmermann, Y. Hamann, K.A. Hughen, U. Röhl, et al. 2013. “Links Between Tropical Rainfall and North Atlantic Climate During the Last Glacial Period”. Nature Geoscience 6: 213-17. doi:10.1038/ngeo1712.

Deutsch, C., J.L. Sarmiento, D.M. Sigman, N. Gruber, and J.P. Dunne. 2007. “Spatial Coupling of Nitrogen Inputs and Losses in the Ocean”. Nature 445. Nature Publishing Group: 163-67. doi:10.1038/nature05392.

Deutsch, C., D.M. Sigman, R.C. Thunell, A.N. Meckler, and G.H. Haug. 2004. “Isotopic Constraints on Glacial Interglacial Changes in the Oceanic Nitrogen Budget”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18: 1-22. doi:10.1029/2003GB002189.

Difiore, P.J., D.M. Sigman, K.L. Karsh, T.W. Trull, R.B. Dunbar, and R.S. Robinson. 2010. “Poleward Decrease in the Isotope Effect of Nitrate Assimilation across the Southern Ocean”. Geophysical Research Letters 37. American Geophysical Union. doi:10.1029/2010GL044090.

Difiore, P.J., D.M. Sigman, T.W. Trull, M.J. Lourey, K. Karsh, G. Cane, and R. Ho. 2006. “Nitrogen Isotope Constraints on Subantarctic Biogeochemistry”. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 111. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. doi:10.1029/2005JC003216.

Difiore, P.J., D.M. Sigman, and R.B. Dunbar. 2009. “Upper Ocean Nitrogen Fluxes in the Polar Antarctic Zone: Constraints from the Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotopes of Nitrate”. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 10. doi:10.1029/2009GC002468.

Duan, J., R. Cloete, J.C. Loock, A. Lanzirotti, M. Newville, A. Martínez-García, D.M. Sigman, P.J. Lam, A.N. Roychoudhury, and S.C.B. Myneni. 2024. “Biogenic-to-Lithogenic Handoff of Particulate Zn Affects the Zn Cycle in the Southern Ocean”. Science (New York, N.Y.) 384: 1235-40. doi:10.1126/science.adh8199.

Duprey, N.N., X.T. Wang, P.D. Thompson, J.E. Pleadwell, L.J. Raymundo, K. Kim, D.M. Sigman, and D.M. Baker. 2017. “Life and Death of a Sewage Treatment Plant Recorded in a Coral Skeleton Δ15N Record”. Marine Pollution Bulletin 120. Elsevier Ltd: 109-16. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.04.023.

Duprey, N.N., T.X. Wang, T. Kim, J.D. Cybulski, H.B. Vonhof, P.J. Crutzen, G.H. Haug, D.M. Sigman, A. Martínez-García, and D.M. Baker. 2020. “Megacity Development and the Demise of Coastal Coral Communities: Evidence from Coral Skeleton δ15N Records in the Pearl River Estuary”. Global Change Biology 26. Blackwell Publishing Ltd: 1338-53. doi:10.1111/gcb.14923.

Erler, D.V., X.T. Wang, D.M. Sigman, S.R. Scheffers, A. Martínez-García, and G.H. Haug. 2016. “Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of Organic Matter from a 168 Year-Old Coral Skeleton: Implications for Coastal Nutrient Cycling in the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 434. Elsevier: 161-70. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.11.023.

Erler, D.V., X.T. Wang, D.M. Sigman, S.R. Scheffers, and B.O. Shepherd. 2015. “Controls on the Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of Shallow Water Corals across a Tropical Reef Flat Transect”. Coral Reefs 34. Springer Verlag: 329-38. doi:10.1007/s00338-014-1215-5.

Farmer, Jesse, Tamara Pico, Ona Underwood, Rebecca Cleveland Stout, Julie Granger, Thomas M. Cronin, François Fripiat, Alfredo Martínez-García, Gerald Haug, and Daniel Sigman. (2022) 2023. “The Bering Strait Was Flooded 10,000 Years before the Last Glacial Maximum”. PNAS 120 (1). doi:10.1073/pnas.2206742119.

Farmer, J.R., D.M. Sigman, J. Granger, O.M. Underwood, F. Fripiat, T.M. Cronin, A. Martínez-García, and G.H. Haug. 2021. “Arctic Ocean Stratification Set by Sea Level and Freshwater Inputs since the Last Ice Age”. Nature Geoscience 14. Nature Research: 684-89. doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00789-y.

Fawcett, S.E., M.W. Lomas, J.R. Casey, B.B. Ward, and D.M. Sigman. 2011. “Assimilation of Upwelled Nitrate by Small Eukaryotes in the Sargasso Sea”. Nature Geoscience 4: 717-22. doi:10.1038/ngeo1265.

Fawcett, S.E., M.W. Lomas, B.B. Ward, and D.M. Sigman. 2014. “The Counterintuitive Effect of Summer-to-Fall Mixed Layer Deepening on Eukaryotic New Production in the Sargasso Sea”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 28. American Geophysical Union: 86-102. doi:10.1002/2013GB004579.

Fawcett, S.E., B.B. Ward, M.W. Lomas, and D.M. Sigman. 2015. “Vertical Decoupling of Nitrate Assimilation and Nitrification in the Sargasso Sea”. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 103. Elsevier Ltd: 64-72. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2015.05.004.

Fawcett, S.E., K.S. Johnson, S.C. Riser, N. Van Oostende, and D.M. Sigman. 2018. “Low-Nutrient Organic Matter in the Sargasso Sea Thermocline: A Hypothesis for Its Role, Identity, and Carbon Cycle Implications”. Marine Chemistry 207. Elsevier B.V.: 108-23. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2018.10.008.

François, R., M.A. Altabett, E.-F. Yu, D.M. Sigman, M.P. Bacon, M. Frank, G. Bohrmann, G. Bareille, and L.D. Labeyrie. 1997. “Contribution of Southern Ocean Surface-Water Stratification to Low Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations During the Last Glacial Period”. Nature 389. Nature Publishing Group: 929-35. doi:10.1038/40073.

Frankowiak, K., X.T. Wang, D.M. Sigman, A.M. Gothmann, M.V. Kitahara, M. Mazur, A. Meibom, and J. Stolarski. 2016. “Photosymbiosis and the Expansion of Shallow-Water Corals”. Science Advances 2. American Association for the Advancement of Science. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601122.

Fripiat, F., D.M. Sigman, S.E. Fawcett, P.A. Rafter, M.A. Weigand, and J.-L. Tison. 2014. “New Insights into Sea Ice Nitrogen Biogeochemical Dynamics from the Nitrogen Isotopes”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 28. American Geophysical Union: 115-30. doi:10.1002/2013GB004729.

Fripiat, F., D.M. Sigman, A. Martínez-García, D. Marconi, X.E. Ai, A. Auderset, S.E. Fawcett, S. Moretti, A.S. Studer, and G.H. Haug. (2023) 2023. “The Impact of Incomplete Nutrient Consumption in the Southern Ocean on Global Mean Ocean Nitrate δ15N”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. doi:10.1029/2022GB007442.

Fripiat, F., A. Martínez-García, S.E. Fawcett, P.C. Kemeny, A.S. Studer, S.M. Smart, F. Rubach, S. Oleynik, D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2019. “The Isotope Effect of Nitrate Assimilation in the Antarctic Zone: Improved Estimates and Paleoceanographic Implications”. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 247. Elsevier Ltd: 261-79. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2018.12.003.

Fripiat, F., D.M. Sigman, G. Massé, and J.-L. Tison. 2015. “High Turnover Rates Indicated by Changes in the Fixed N Forms and Their Stable Isotopes in Antarctic Landfast Sea Ice”. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 120. Blackwell Publishing Ltd: 3079-97. doi:10.1002/2014JC010583.

Fripiat, F., A. Martínez-García, D. Marconi, S.E. Fawcett, S.H. Kopf, V.H. Luu, P.A. Rafter, R. Zhang, D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2021. “Nitrogen Isotopic Constraints on Nutrient Transport to the Upper Ocean”. Nature Geoscience 14. Nature Research: 855-61. doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00836-8.

Galbraith, E.D., S.L. Jaccard, T.F. Pedersen, D.M. Sigman, G.H. Haug, M. Cook, J.R. Southon, and R. François. 2007. “Carbon Dioxide Release from the North Pacific Abyss During the Last Deglaciation”. Nature 449. Nature Publishing Group: 890-93. doi:10.1038/nature06227.