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Marshall, T. A., D. M. Sigman, L. M. Beal, A. Foreman, A. Martínez-García, S. Blain, E. Campbell, et al. (2023) 2023. “The Agulhas Current Transports Signals of Local and Remote Indian Ocean Nitrogen Cycling”. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 37 (2). doi:10.1029/2022JC019413.

Wang, X.T., Y. Wang, A. Auderset, D.M. Sigman, H. Ren, A. Martínez-García, G.H. Haug, et al. 2022. “Oceanic Nutrient Rise and the Late Miocene Inception of Pacific Oxygen-Deficient Zones”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 119. doi:10.1073/pnas.2204986119.

Auderset, A., S. Moretti, B. Taphorn, P.-R. Ebner, E. Kast, X.T. Wang, R. Schiebel, D.M. Sigman, G.H. Haug, and A. Martínez-García. 2022. “Enhanced Ocean Oxygenation During Cenozoic Warm Periods”. Nature 609: 77-82. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05017-0.

Kast, E.R., M.L. Griffiths, S.L. Kim, Z.C. Rao, K. Shimada, M.A. Becker, H.M. Maisch, et al. (2022) 2022. “Cenozoic Megatooth Sharks Occupied Extremely High Trophic Positions”. Science Advances 8 (25). doi:10.1126/sciadv.abl6529.

Haug, G.H., D. Günther, L.C. Peterson, D.M. Sigman, K.A. Hughen, and B. Aeschlimann. 2003. “Climate and the Collapse of Maya Civilization”. Science 299: 1731-35. doi:10.1126/science.1080444.

Haug, G.H., K.A. Hughen, D.M. Sigman, L.C. Peterson, and U. Röhl. 2001. “Southward Migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone through the Holocene”. Science 293: 1304-8. doi:10.1126/science.1059725.

Haug, G.H., D.M. Sigman, R. Tiedemann, T.F. Pedersen, and M. Sarnthein. 1999. “Onset of Permanent Stratification in the Subarctic Pacific Ocean”. Nature 401: 779-82. doi:10.1038/44550.

Haug, G.H., T.F. Pedersen, D.M. Sigman, S.E. Calvert, B. Nielsen, and L.C. Peterson. 1998. “Glacial/Interglacial/Variations/in/Production/and/Nitrogen/Fixation/in/the/Cariaco/Basin/During/the/Last/580/Kyr”. Paleoceanography 13. American Geophysical Union: 427-32. doi:10.1029/98PA01976.

Jaccard, S.L., G.H. Haug, D.M. Sigman, T.F. Pedersen, H.R. Thierstein, and U. Röhl. 2005. “Glacial/Interglacial/Changes/in/Subarctic/North/Pacific/Stratification”. Science 308: 1003-6. doi:10.1126/science.1108696.

Haug, G.H., A. Ganopolski, D.M. Sigman, A. Rosell-Mele, G.E.A. Swann, R. Tiedemann, S.L. Jaccard, et al. 2005. “North Pacific Seasonality and the Glaciation of North America 2.7 Million Years ago”. Nature 433: 821-25. doi:10.1038/nature03332.

Deutsch, C., D.M. Sigman, R.C. Thunell, A.N. Meckler, and G.H. Haug. 2004. “Isotopic Constraints on Glacial Interglacial Changes in the Oceanic Nitrogen Budget”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18: 1-22. doi:10.1029/2003GB002189.

Sigman, D.M., S.L. Jaccard, and G.H. Haug. 2004. “Polar Ocean Stratification in a Cold Climate”. Nature 428: 59-63. doi:10.1038/nature02357.

Sigman, D.M., and G.H. Haug. 2003. The Biological Pump in the Past. Treatise on Geochemistry. Vol. 6-9. Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/B0-08-043751-6/06118-1.

Jaccard, S.L., E.D. Galbraith, D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2010. “A Pervasive Link Between Antarctic Ice Core and Subarctic Pacific Sediment Records over the past 800 Kyrs”. Quaternary Science Reviews 29: 206-12. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.10.007.

Haug, G.H., and D.M. Sigman. 2009. “Palaeoceanography: Polar Twins”. Nature Geoscience 2. Nature Publishing Group: 91-92. doi:10.1038/ngeo423.

Jaccard, S.L., E.D. Galbraith, D.M. Sigman, G.H. Haug, R. François, T.F. Pedersen, P. Dulski, and H.R. Thierstein. 2009. “Subarctic Pacific Evidence for a Glacial Deepening of the Oceanic Respired Carbon Pool”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 277: 156-65. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.10.017.

Ren, H., D.M. Sigman, A.N. Meckler, B. Plessen, R.S. Robinson, Y. Rosenthal, and G.H. Haug. 2009. “Foraminiferal Isotope Evidence of Reduced Nitrogen Fixation in the Ice Age Atlantic Ocean”. Science 323: 244-48. doi:10.1126/science.1165787.

Brauer, A., G.H. Haug, P. Dulski, D.M. Sigman, and J.F.W. Negendank. 2008. “An Abrupt Wind Shift in Western Europe at the Onset of the Younger Dryas Cold Period”. Nature Geoscience 1. Nature Publishing Group: 520-23. doi:10.1038/ngeo263.

Meckler, A.N., G.H. Haug, D.N. Sigman, B. Plessen, L.C. Peterson, and H.R. Thierstein. 2007. “Detailed Sedimentary N Isotope Records from Cariaco Basin for Terminations I and V: Local and Global Implications”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 21. doi:10.1029/2006GB002893.

Yancheva, G., N.R. Nowaczyk, J. Mingram, P. Dulski, G. Schettler, J.F.W. Negendank, J. Liu, D.M. Sigman, L.C. Peterson, and G.H. Haug. 2007. “Yancheva Et Al. Reply”. Nature 450. Nature Publishing Group: E11. doi:10.1038/nature06409.

Yancheva, G., N.R. Nowaczyk, J. Mingram, P. Dulski, G. Schettler, J.F.W. Negendank, J. Liu, D.M. Sigman, L.C. Peterson, and G.H. Haug. 2007. “Yancheva Et Al. Reply”. Nature 450. Nature Publishing Group: E8-E9. doi:10.1038/nature06339.

Rafter, P.A., D.M. Sigman, C.D. Charles, J. Kaiser, and G.H. Haug. 2012. “Subsurface Tropical Pacific Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of Nitrate: Biogeochemical Signals and Their Transport”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 26. doi:10.1029/2010GB003979.

Galbraith, E.D., S.L. Jaccard, T.F. Pedersen, D.M. Sigman, G.H. Haug, M. Cook, J.R. Southon, and R. François. 2007. “Carbon Dioxide Release from the North Pacific Abyss During the Last Deglaciation”. Nature 449. Nature Publishing Group: 890-93. doi:10.1038/nature06227.

Meckler, A.N., H. Ren, D.M. Sigman, N. Gruber, B. Plessen, C.J. Schubert, and G.H. Haug. 2011. “Deglacial Nitrogen Isotope Changes in the Gulf of Mexico: Evidence from Bulk Sedimentary and Foraminifera-Bound Nitrogen in Orca Basin Sediments”. Paleoceanography 26. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. doi:10.1029/2011PA002156.

Brunelle, B.G., D.M. Sigman, M.S. Cook, L.D. Keigwin, G.H. Haug, B. Plessen, G. Schettler, and S.L. Jaccard. 2007. “Evidence from Diatom-Bound Nitrogen Isotopes for Subarctic Pacific Stratification During the Last Ice Age and a Link to North Pacific Denitrification Changes”. Paleoceanography 22. doi:10.1029/2005PA001205.

Martínez-García, A., A. Rosell-Mele, S.L. Jaccard, W. Geibert, D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2011. “Southern Ocean Dust-Climate Coupling over the past Four Million Years”. Nature 476. Nature Publishing Group: 312-15. doi:10.1038/nature10310.

Yancheva, G., N.R. Nowaczyk, J. Mingram, P. Dulski, G. Schettler, J.F.W. Negendank, J. Liu, D.M. Sigman, L.C. Peterson, and G.H. Haug. 2007. “Influence of the Intertropical Convergence Zone on the East Asian Monsoon”. Nature 445. Nature Publishing Group: 74-77. doi:10.1038/nature05431.

Wolff, C., G.H. Haug, A. Timmermann, J.S. Sinninghe Damsté, A. Brauer, D.M. Sigman, M.A. Cane, and D. Verschuren. 2011. “Reduced Interannual Rainfall Variability in East Africa During the Last Ice Age”. Science 333: 743-47. doi:10.1126/science.1203724.

Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2011. “Shortcomings of the Isolated Abyssal Reservoir Model for Deglacial Radiocarbon Changes in the Mid-Depth Indo-Pacific Ocean”. Geophysical Research Letters 38. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. doi:10.1029/2010GL046158.

Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2010. “Carbon Dioxide Effects of Antarctic Stratification, North Atlantic Intermediate Water Formation, and Subantarctic Nutrient Drawdown During the Last Ice Age: Diagnosis and Synthesis in a Geochemical Box Model”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 24. doi:10.1029/2010GB003790.

Brunelle, B.G., D.M. Sigman, S.L. Jaccard, L.D. Keigwin, B. Plessen, G. Schettler, M.S. Cook, and G.H. Haug. 2010. “Glacial/Interglacial/Changes/in/Nutrient/Supply/and/Stratification/in/the/Western/Subarctic/North/Pacific/since/the/Penultimate/Glacial/Maximum”. Quaternary Science Reviews 29: 2579-90. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.03.010.

Sigman, D.M., M.P. Hain, and G.H. Haug. 2010. “The Polar Ocean and Glacial Cycles in Atmospheric CO2 Concentration”. Nature 466: 47-55. doi:10.1038/nature09149.

Straub, M., D.M. Sigman, H. Ren, A. Martínez-García, A.N. Meckler, M.P. Hain, and G.H. Haug. 2013. “Changes in North Atlantic Nitrogen Fixation Controlled by Ocean Circulation”. Nature 501: 200-203. doi:10.1038/nature12397.

Meckler, A.N., D.M. Sigman, K.A. Gibson, R. François, A. Martínez-García, S.L. Jaccard, U. Röhl, L.C. Peterson, R. Tiedemann, and G.H. Haug. 2013. “Deglacial Pulses of Deep-Ocean Silicate into the Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean”. Nature 495. Nature Publishing Group: 495-98. doi:10.1038/nature12006.

Jaccard, S.L., C.T. Hayes, A. Martínez-García, D.A. Hodell, R.F. Anderson, D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2013. “Two Modes of Change in Southern Ocean Productivity over the past Million Years”. Science 339. American Association for the Advancement of Science: 1419-23. doi:10.1126/science.1227545.

Sigman, D.M., A.M. De Boer, and G.H. Haug. 2007. Antarctic Stratification, Atmospheric Water Vapor, and Heinrich Events: A Hypothesis for Late Pleistocene Deglaciations. Ocean Circulation: Mechanisms and Impacts - Past and Future Changes of Meridional Overturning. American Geophysical Union. doi:10.1029/173GM21.

Straub, M., M.M. Tremblay, D.M. Sigman, A.S. Studer, H. Ren, J.R. Toggweiler, and G.H. Haug. 2013. “Nutrient Conditions in the Subpolar North Atlantic During the Last Glacial Period Reconstructed from Foraminifera-Bound Nitrogen Isotopes”. Paleoceanography 28. Blackwell Publishing Ltd: 79-90. doi:10.1002/palo.20013.

Erler, D.V., X.T. Wang, D.M. Sigman, S.R. Scheffers, A. Martínez-García, and G.H. Haug. 2016. “Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of Organic Matter from a 168 Year-Old Coral Skeleton: Implications for Coastal Nutrient Cycling in the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 434. Elsevier: 161-70. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.11.023.

Deplazes, G., A. Lückge, L.C. Peterson, A. Timmermann, Y. Hamann, K.A. Hughen, U. Röhl, et al. 2013. “Links Between Tropical Rainfall and North Atlantic Climate During the Last Glacial Period”. Nature Geoscience 6: 213-17. doi:10.1038/ngeo1712.

Ren, H., A.S. Studer, S. Serno, D.M. Sigman, G. Winckler, R.F. Anderson, S. Oleynik, R. Gersonde, and G.H. Haug. 2015. “Glacial-to-Interglacial Changes in Nitrate Supply and Consumption in the Subarctic North Pacific from Microfossil-Bound N Isotopes at Two Trophic Levels”. Paleoceanography 30. Blackwell Publishing Ltd: 1217-32. doi:10.1002/2014PA002765.

Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2013. The Biological Pump in the Past. Treatise on Geochemistry: Second Edition. Vol. 8. Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00618-5.

Studer, A.S., D.M. Sigman, A. Martínez-García, V. Benz, G. Winckler, G. Kuhn, O. Esper, et al. 2015. “Antarctic Zone Nutrient Conditions During the Last Two Glacial Cycles”. Paleoceanography 30. Blackwell Publishing Ltd: 845-62. doi:10.1002/2014PA002745.

Studer, A.S., A. Martínez-García, S.L. Jaccard, F.E. Girault, D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2012. “Enhanced Stratification and Seasonality in the Subarctic Pacific Upon Northern Hemisphere Glaciation-New Evidence from Diatom-Bound Nitrogen Isotopes, Alkenones and Archaeal Tetraethers”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 351-352: 84-94. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.07.029.

Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, J.A. Higgins, and G.H. Haug. 2015. “The Effects of Secular Calcium and Magnesium Concentration Changes on the Thermodynamics of Seawater Acid Base Chemistry: Implications for Eocene and Cretaceous Ocean Carbon Chemistry and Buffering”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 29. Blackwell Publishing Ltd: 517-33. doi:10.1002/2014GB004986.

Hayes, C.T., A. Martínez-García, A.P. Hasenfratz, S.L. Jaccard, D.A. Hodell, D.M. Sigman, G.H. Haug, and R.F. Anderson. 2014. “A Stagnation Event in the Deep South Atlantic During the Last Interglacial Period”. Science 346. American Association for the Advancement of Science: 1514-17. doi:10.1126/science.1256620.

Wang, X.T., M.G. Prokopenko, D.M. Sigman, J.F. Adkins, L.F. Robinson, H. Ren, S. Oleynik, B. Williams, and G.H. Haug. 2014. “Isotopic Composition of Carbonate-Bound Organic Nitrogen in Deep-Sea Scleractinian Corals: A New Window into past Biogeochemical Change”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 400. Elsevier: 243-50. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.048.

Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2014. “Distinct Roles of the Southern Ocean and North Atlantic in the Deglacial Atmospheric Radiocarbon Decline”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 394. Elsevier: 198-208. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.03.020.

Martínez-García, A., D.M. Sigman, H. Ren, R.F. Anderson, M. Straub, D.A. Hodell, S.L. Jaccard, T.I. Eglinton, and G.H. Haug. 2014. “Iron Fertilization of the Subantarctic Ocean During the Last Ice Age”. Science 343. American Association for the Advancement of Science: 1347-50. doi:10.1126/science.1246848.

Meckler, A.N., D.M. Sigman, K.A. Gibson, R. François, A. Martínez-García, S.L. Jaccard, U. Röhl, L.C. Peterson, R. Tiedemann, and G.H. Haug. 2014. “Erratum: Deglacial Pulses of Deep-Ocean Silicate into the Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean (Nature (2013) 495 (495-498) DOI: 10.1038 Nature12006)”. Nature 505: 574. doi:10.1038/nature12906.