Hain, M.P., and D.M. Sigman. 2024. CO2 in Earth’s Ice Age Cycles. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science. Referenced from oxfordre.com: CO2 in Earth’s Ice Age Cycles. Reference Link
Sigman, D.M., and M.P. Hain. 2024. “Ocean Oxygen, Preformed Nutrients, and the Cause of the Lower Carbon Dioxide Concentration in the Atmosphere of the Last Glacial Maximum”. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 39. John Wiley and Sons Inc. doi:10.1029/2023PA004775. Reference Link
Sigman, D.M., M.P. Hain, and G.H. Haug. 2010. “The Polar Ocean and Glacial Cycles in Atmospheric CO2 Concentration”. Nature 466: 47-55. doi:10.1038/nature09149. Reference Link
Sigman, D.M., P.J. Difiore, M.P. Hain, C. Deutsch, Y. Wang, D.M. Karl, A.N. Knapp, M.F. Lehmann, and S. Pantoja. 2009. “The Dual Isotopes of Deep Nitrate As a Constraint on the Cycle and Budget of Oceanic Fixed Nitrogen”. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 56: 1419-39. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.04.007. Reference Link
Sigman, D.M., P.J. Difiore, M.P. Hain, C. Deutsch, and D.M. Karl. 2009. “Sinking Organic Matter Spreads the Nitrogen Isotope Signal of Pelagic Denitrification in the North Pacific”. Geophysical Research Letters 36. doi:10.1029/2008GL035784. Reference Link
Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2011. “Shortcomings of the Isolated Abyssal Reservoir Model for Deglacial Radiocarbon Changes in the Mid-Depth Indo-Pacific Ocean”. Geophysical Research Letters 38. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. doi:10.1029/2010GL046158. Reference Link
Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2010. “Carbon Dioxide Effects of Antarctic Stratification, North Atlantic Intermediate Water Formation, and Subantarctic Nutrient Drawdown During the Last Ice Age: Diagnosis and Synthesis in a Geochemical Box Model”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 24. doi:10.1029/2010GB003790. Reference Link
Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, J.A. Higgins, and G.H. Haug. 2015. “The Effects of Secular Calcium and Magnesium Concentration Changes on the Thermodynamics of Seawater Acid Base Chemistry: Implications for Eocene and Cretaceous Ocean Carbon Chemistry and Buffering”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 29. Blackwell Publishing Ltd: 517-33. doi:10.1002/2014GB004986. Reference Link
Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2014. “Distinct Roles of the Southern Ocean and North Atlantic in the Deglacial Atmospheric Radiocarbon Decline”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 394. Elsevier: 198-208. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.03.020. Reference Link
Straub, M., D.M. Sigman, H.A. Ren, A. Martínez-García, A.N. Meckler, M.P. Hain, and G.H. Haug. 2013. “Changes in North Atlantic Nitrogen Fixation Controlled by Ocean Circulation”. Nature 501: 200-203. doi:10.1038/nature12397. Reference Link
Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, and G.H. Haug. 2013. The Biological Pump in the Past. Treatise on Geochemistry: Second Edition. Vol. 8. Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00618-5. Reference Link
Kwon, E.Y., M.P. Hain, D.M. Sigman, E.D. Galbraith, J.L. Sarmiento, and J.R. Toggweiler. 2012. “North Atlantic Ventilation of Southern-Sourced Deep Water in the Glacial Ocean”. Paleoceanography 27. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. doi:10.1029/2011PA002211. Reference Link
Studer, A.S., F. Mekik, H.A. Ren, M.P. Hain, S. Oleynik, A. Martínez-García, G.H. Haug, and D.M. Sigman. 2021. “Ice Age-Holocene Similarity of Foraminifera-Bound Nitrogen Isotope Ratios in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific”. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 36. John Wiley and Sons Inc. doi:10.1029/2020PA004063. Reference Link
Sigman, D.M., F. Fripiat, A.S. Studer, P.C. Kemeny, A. Martínez-García, M.P. Hain, X.E. Ai, X.T. Wang, H.A. Ren, and G.H. Haug. 2021. “The Southern Ocean During the Ice Ages: A Review of the Antarctic Surface Isolation Hypothesis, With Comparison to the North Pacific”. Quaternary Science Reviews 254. Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106732. Reference Link
Kemeny, P.C., E.R. Kast, M.P. Hain, S.E. Fawcett, F. Fripiat, A.S. Studer, A. Martínez-García, G.H. Haug, and D.M. Sigman. 2018. “A Seasonal Model of Nitrogen Isotopes in the Ice Age Antarctic Zone: Support for Weakening of the Southern Ocean Upper Overturning Cell”. Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 33. John Wiley and Sons Inc.: 1453-71. doi:10.1029/2018PA003478. Reference Link
Hain, M.P., D.M. Sigman, J.A. Higgins, and G.H. Haug. 2018. “Response to Comment by Zeebe and Tyrrell on ‘The Effects of Secular Calcium and Magnesium Concentration Changes on the Thermodynamics of Seawater Acid Base Chemistry: Implications for the Eocene and Cretaceous Ocean Carbon Chemistry and Buffering’”. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 32. Blackwell Publishing Ltd: 898-901. doi:10.1002/2018GB005931. Reference Link